Bergquist,B.A. and Boyle,E.A.(2006):
Dissolved iron in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean.
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 20, GB1015, doi:10.1029/2005GB002505.
『熱帯および亜熱帯大西洋における溶存鉄』
『Abstract
Detailed depth profiles and surface transects of dissolved iron
(DFe defined by 0.4-μm filtration) were investigated on three
cruises in the subtropical and tropical Atlantic Ocean where dust
deposition varied by 3 orders of magnitude. Surface DFe and dissolved
Mn concentrations reflected dust deposition trends, but are not
proportional to the estimated inputs. Using estimates of the atmospheric
flux of DFe, surface DFe residence times were calculated to be
on the order of 1 to 5 months. Deepwater DFe concentrations varied
with water masses depending on their source, age, and transit
pathways. At a site located on the edge of the equatorial system
(10゜N, 45゜W), high DFe (>1 nmol/kg) was associated with an oxygen
minimum zone at depths of 130 to 1100 m. DFe concentrations in
North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) decreased by 30% from sites in
the North Atlantic to a site in the South Atlantic (24.5゜S, 37゜W),
and DFe was lower in the Antarctic derived water masses (〜0.4
nmol/kg) than in NADW at the South Atlantic site. An estimate
of deepwater scavenging residence time for DFe was 270±140 years
based on decreasing DFe along the NADW flow path.』
1. Introduction
2. Sampling and methods
2.1. Sampling sites
2.2. Sampling methods
2.3. Fe and Mn measurement
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Surface water Fe and Mn variability and distribution
3.2. Surface aerosol solubility
3.3. Fe water column profiles
3.3.1. Upper (Surface to 〜1000 m) water column Fe profiles
3.3.2. Surface residence time estimates
3.3.3. Deepwater column Fe profiles
3.3.4. Deepwater residence time estimate
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
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- DFe = “Dissolved” iron = <0.4 or <0.2μm filterable Fe
- (1) dissolution of atmospheric iron in surface waters
(2) biological uptake in the surface ocean
(3) transport to the deep ocean through biological export
(4) remineralization of organic material at depth releasing iron
(5) some solubilizing mechanism to keep iron in solution above
inorganic solubility (e.g., organic complexation)
(6) scavenging and removal of iron
- Organic ligands kept deep ocean DFe concentrations relatively
constant (〜0.6 to 0.7 nmol/kg)?
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matter exported from the euphotic zone to the deep ocean?
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