『Abstract
　Economic geology is a mixtum compositum of all geoscientific disciplines focused on one goal, finding new mineral deposits and enhancing their exploitation. The keystones of this mixtum compositum are geology and mineralogy whose studies are centered around the emplacement of the ore body and the development of its minerals and rocks. In the present study, mineralogy and geology act as x- and y-coordinates of a classification chart of mineral resources called the “chessboard” ( or “spreadsheet”) classification scheme. Magmatic and sedimentary lithologies rogether with tectonic structures (1-D/pipes, 2-D/veins) are plotted along the x-axis in the header of the spreadsheet diagram representing the columns in this chart diagram. 63 commodity groups, encompassing minerals and elements are plotted along the y-axis, forming the lines of the spreadsheet. These commodities are subjected to a tripartite subdivision into ore minerals, industrial minerals/rocks and gemstones/ornamental stones.
　Further information on the various types of mineral deposits, as to the major ore and gangue minerals, the current models and the mode of formation or when and in which geodynamic setting these deposits mainly formed throughout the geological past may be obtained from the text by simply using the code of each swposit in the chart. This code can be created by combining the commodity (lines) shown by numbers plus lower caps with the host rocks or structure (columns) given by capital letters.
　Each commodity has a small preface on the mineralogy and chemistry and ends up with an outlook into its final use and the supply situation of the raw material on a global basis, which may be updated by the user through a direct link to database available on the internet. In this case the study has been linked to the commodity database of the US Geological Survey. The internal subdivision of each commodity section corresponds to the common host rock lithologies (magmatic, sedimentary, and metamorphic) and structures. Cross sections and images illustrate the common ore types of each commodity. Ore takes priority over the mineral. The minerals and host rocks are listed by their chemical and mineralogical compositions, respectively, separated from the text but supplemented with cross-references to the columns and lines, where they prevalently occur.
　A metallogenetic-geodynamic overview is given at the bottom of each column in the spreadsheet. It may be taken as the “sum” or the “mean” of a number of geodynamic models and ideas put forward by the various researchers for all the deposits pertaining to a certain clan of lithology or structure. This classical or conservative view of metallotexts related to the common plate tectonic settings is supplemented by an approach taken for the first time for such a number of deposits, using the concepts of sequence stratigraphy. This paper, so as to say, is a “launch pad” for a new mindset in metallogenesis rather than the final result. The relationship supergene-hypogene and syngenetic-epigenetic has been the topic of many studies for ages but to keep them as separate entities is often unworkable in practice, especially in the so-called epithermal or near-surface/shallow deposits. Vein-type and stratiform ore bodies are generally handled also very differently. To get these different structural elements (space), and various mineralizing processes (time) together and to allow for a forward modeling in mineral exploration, architectural elements of sequence stratigraphy are adapted to mineral resources. Deposits are geological bodies which need accommodation space created by the environment of formation and the tectonic/geodynamic setting through time. They are controlled by horizontal to subhorizontal reference planes and/or vertical structures. Prerequisites for the deposits to evolve are thermal and/or mechanical gradients. Thermal energy is for most of the settings under consideration deeply rooted in the mantle. A perspective ob how this concept might work is given in the text by a pilot project on mineral deposits in Central Europe and in the spreadsheet classification scheme by providing a color-coded categorization into
1. mineralization mainly related to planar architectural elements, e.g. sequence boundaries subaerial and unconformities
2. mineralization mainly related to planar architectural elements, e.g. sequence boundaries submarine, transgressive surfaces and maximum flooding zones/surfaces)
3. mineralization mainly controlled by system tracts (lowstand system tracts transgressive system tracts, highstand system tracts)
4. mineralization of subvolcanic or intermediate level to be correlated with the architectural elements of basin evolution
5. mineralization of deep level to be correlated with the deep-seated structural elements.
　There are several squares on the chessboard left blank mainly for lack of information on sequence stratigraphy of mineral deposits. This method has not found many users yet in mineral exploration. This review is designed as an “inreractive paper” open, for amendments in the electronic spreadsheet version and adjustable to the needs and wants of application, research and training in geosciences. Metamorphic host rock lithologies and commodities are addressed by different color codes in the chessboard classification scheme.

Keywords: economic geology; mineral deposits; geology; mineralogy; classification scheme; spreadsheet』

Contents
1. Introduction
　1.1. Mineral deposits and economic geology
　1.2. Classification of mineral deposits through time
2. The “chessboard” (spreadsheet) classification scheme of mineral deposits
　2.1. The principles of the “chessboard” (spreadsheet) classification scheme
　2.2. The host of mineral deposits
　　2.2.1. Magmatic host rocks
　　2.2.2. Ore-bearing structures
　　2.2.3. Sedimentary host rocks
　　2.2.4. Organic material and special host rocks
　2.3. Type of commodity (inorganic raw material)
　　2.3.1. Ore minerals
　　2.3.2. Industrial minerals and rocks
　　2.3.3. Gemstones nd ornamental stones
　2.4. Mineralizing processes
3. Chromium
　3.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　3.2. Magmatic chromium deposits
　3.3. Sedimentary chromium deposits
　3.4. Metamorphic chromium (gemstone) deposit
　3.5. Chromium supply and use
4. Nickel
　4.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　4.2. Magmatic nickel deposits
　4.3. Structure-related nickel deposits
　4.4. Sedimentary nickel deposits
　4.5. Nickel supply and use
5. Cobalt
　5.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　5.2. Cobalt deposits
　5.3. Cobalt supply and use
6. Platinum group elements (PGE)
　6.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　6.2. Magmatic platinum-group-element deposits
　6.3. Structure-related platinum-group-element deposits
　6.4. Sedimentary platinum-group-element deposits
　6.5. Platinum-group-element supply and use
7. Titanium
　7.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　7.2. Magmatic titanium deposits
　7.3. Structure-related titanium deposits
　7.4. Sedimentary titanium deposits
　7.5. Metamorphic titanium deposits
　7.6. Titanium supply and use
8. Vanadium
　8.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　8.2. Magmatic vanadium deposits
　8.3. Sedimentary vanadium deposits
　8.4. Vanadium supply and use
9. Iron
　9.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　9.2. Magmatic iron deposits
　9.3. Structure-related iron deposits
　9.4. Sedimentary iron deposits
　9.5. Metamorphic iron deposits
10. Manganese
　10.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　10.2. Magmatic manganese deposits
　10.3. Structure-related manganese deposits
　10.4. Sedimentary manganese deposits
　10.5. Metamorphic manganese deposits
　10.6. Manganese supply and use
11. Copper
　11.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　11.2. Magmatic copper deposits
　11.3. Structure-bound copper deposits
　11.4. Sedimentary copper deposits
　11.5. Copper supply and use
12. Selenium and tellurium
　12.1. Chemistry, mineralogy and economic geology of selenium
　12.2. Chemistry, mineralogy and economic geology of tellurium
13. Molybdenum and rhenium
　13.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of molybdenum
　13.2. Magmatic molybdenum deposits
　13.3. Sedimentary molybdenum and rhenium deposits
　13.4. Molybdenum and rhenium supply and use
14. Tin and tungsten
　14.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　14.2. Magmatic tin and tungsten deposits
　14.3. Structure-bound tungsten deposits
　14.4. Sedimentary tin and tungsten deposits
　14.5. Supply and use of tin and tungsten
15. Niobium-, tantalum- and scandium
　15.1. Chemistry and mineralogy
　15.2. Magmatic niobium-, tantalum- and scandium deposits
　15.3. Sedimentary niobium- and tantalum deposits
　15.4. Supply and use of niobium and tantalum
16. Beryllium
　16.1. Beryllium chemistry and mineralogy
　16.2. Magmatic beryllium deposits
　16.3. Structure-bound beryllium deposits
　16.4. Sedimentary beryllium deposits
　16.5. Metamorphic beryllium deposits
　16.6. Supply and use of beryllium
17. Cesium, lithium and rubidium
　17.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of cesium and lithium
　17.2. Magmatic cesium-, lithium and rubidium deposits
　17.3. Cesium and lithium sedimentary deposits
　17.4. Cesium and lithium supply
18. Lead, zinc, germanium, indium, cadmium and silver
　18.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of lead, zinc, germanium, indium, cadmium, and silver
　18.2. Magmatic lead-zinc deposits
　18.3. Structure-bound lead-zinc deposits
　18.4. Sedimentary lead-zinc deposits
　18.5. Metamorphic lead-zinc deposits
　18.6. Silver deposits sensu strico
　18.7. Lead, zinc, germanium, indium, cadmium, and silver supply
　　18.7.1. Past and present of mining and metallurgy of lead
　　18.7.2. Past and present of mining and metallurgy of zinc
　　18.7.3. Final use of germanium, indium and cadmium
　　18.7.4. Final use of silver
19. Bismuth
　19.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of bismuth
　19.2. Deposits of bismuth
　19.3. Final use of bismuth
20. Gold
　20.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of gold
　20.2. Magmatic gold deposits
　20.3. Structure-bound gold deposits
　20.4. Sedimentary gold deposits
　20.5. Metamorphic gold deposits
　20.6. Gold supply and use
21. Antimony, arsenic and thallium
　21.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of antimony, arsenic and thallium
　21.2. Antimony deposits
　　21.2.1. Magmatic antimony deposits
　　21.2.2. Structure-bound antimony deposits
　　21.2.3. Sedimentary antimony deposits
　21.3. Arsenic deposits
　21.4. Thallium deposits
　21.5. Antimony, arsenic, thallium suply and use
　　21.5.1. Antimony
　　21.5.2. Arsenic
　　21.5.3. Thallium
22. Mercury
　22.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of mercury
　22.2. Magmatic mercury deposits
　22.3. Structure-bound mercury deposits
　22.4. Sedimentary mercury deposits
　22.5. Mercury supply and use
23. Rare Earth Elements (REE)
　23.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of rare earth elements
　23.2. Magmatic rare earth element deposits
　23.3. Structure-bound rare earth element deposits
　23.4. Sedimentary rare earth element deposits
　23.5. Rare earth element supply and use
24. Uranium, thorium and radium
　24.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of uranium and thorium
　24.2. Uranium deposits
　　24.2.1. Magmatic uranium deposits
　　24.2.2. Structure-bound uranium deposits
　　24.2.3. Sedimentary uranium deposits
　24.3. Thorium deposits
　　24.3.1. Magmatic thorium deposits
　　24.3.2. Structure-bound thorium deposits
　　24.3.3. Sedimentary thorium deposits
　　24.3.4. Uranium and thorium supply and use
25. Aluminum and gallium
　25.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of aluminum and gallium
　25.2. Magmatic aluminum deposits
　25.3. Sedimentary aluminum deposits
　25.4. Gallium deposits
　25.5. Aluminum and gallium supply and use
26. Magnesium
　26.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of magnesium
　26.2. Magmatic magnesium deposits
　26.3. Structure-bound magnesium deposits
　26.4. Sedimentary magnesium deposits
　26.5. Magnsium supply and use
27. Calcium
　27.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of calcium
　27.2. Magmatic calcium deposits
　27.3. Structure-bound calcium deposits
　27.4. Sedimentary calcium deposits
　27.5. Metamorphic calcium deposits
　27.6. Carbonate rocks supply and use
28. Boron
　28.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of boron
　28.2. Magmatic boron deposits
　28.3. Sedimentary boron deposits
　28.4. Metamorphic boron deposits
　28.5. Boron supply and use
29. Sulfur and calcium sulfate
　29.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of sulfur
　29.2. Magmatic sulfur and sulfate deposits
　29.3. Sedimentary sulfur and Ca sulfate deposits
　29.4. Sulfur and calcium sulfate supply and use
30. Fluorine
　30.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of fluorine
　30.2. Magmatic fluorine deposits
　30.3. Structure-bound fluorite and topaz deposits
　30.4. Sedimentary fluorite and topaz deposits
　30.5. Fluorine supply and use
31. Barium
　31.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of barium
　31.2. Magmatic barium deposits
　31.3. Structure-bound barium deposits
　31.4. Sedimentary barium deposits
　31.5. Barium supply and use
32. Strontium
　32.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of strontium
　32.2. Magmatic strontium deposits
　32.3. Structure-bound strontium deposits
　32.4. Sedimentary strontium deposits
　32.5. Strontium supply and use
33. Potassium, sodium, chlorine and bromine
　33.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of potassium, sodium, chlorine and bromine
　33.2. Sedimentary potassium, sodium, chlorine and bromine deposits
　33.3. Sodium, potassium, chlorine and bromine supply and use
34. Nitrogen and iodine
　34.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of nitrogen and iodine
　34.2. Sedimentary nitrogen and iodine deposits
　34.3. Economic consideration of nitrogen and iodine deposits
35. Sodium carbonate and -sulfate
　35.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of sodium carbonate and -sulfate
　35.2. Sedimentary sodium carbonate and -sulfate deposits
　35.3. Sodium carbonate and -sulfate supply and use
36. Phosphorus
　36.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of phosphorus
　36.2. Magmatic phosphate deposits
　36.3. Structure-bound phosphate deposits
　36.4. Sedimentary phosphate deposits
　36.5. Metamorphic phosphate deposits
　36.6. Phosphate supply and use
37. Zirconium and hafnium
　37.1. Che,istry and mineralogy of zirconium and hafnium
　37.2. Magmatic, metamorphic and sedimentary zirconium (hafnium) deposits
　37.3. Zirconium (hafnium) supply and use
38. Silica
　38.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of silica
　38.2. Magmatic silica deposits
　38.3. Sructure-bound silica deposits
　38.4. Sedimentary silica deposits
　38.5. Metamorphic silica deposits
　38.6. Silica supply and use
39. Feldspar
　39.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of feldspar
　39.2. Magmatic feldspar deposits
　39.3. Structure-bound feldspar deposits
　39.4. Sedimentary feldspar deposits
　39.5. Metamorphic feldspar deposits
　39.6. Feldspar supply and use
40. Feldspathod
　40.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of feldspathids
　40.2. Magmatic feldspathoids deposits
　40.3. Metamorphic feldspathoids deposits
　40.4. Feldspathoids supply and use
41. Zeolites
　41.1. Chemistry and mneralogy of zeolites
　41.2. Magmatic zeolite deposits
　41.3. Sedimentary zeolite deposits
　41.4. Metamorphic zeolite deposits
　41.5. Zeolite supply and use
42. Amphibole and asbestos
　42.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of amphibole and asbestiform minerals
　42.2. Magmatic amphibole and asbestos deposits
　42.3. Metamorphic amphibole and asbestos deposits
　42.4. Amphibole and asbestos supply and use
43. Olivine and dunite
　43.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of olivine minerals
　43.2. Magmatic olivine and dunite deposits
　43.3. Sedimentary olivine deposits
　43.4. Metamorphic olivine and dunite deposits
　43.5. Olivine and dunite supply and use
44. Pyroxene and inosilicates
　44.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of pyroxene and pyroxenoid
　44.2. Magmatic pyroxene and inosilicate deposits
　44.3. Metamorphic pyroxene and inosilicate deposits
　44.4. Pyroxene and inosilicate supply and use
45. Garnet
　45.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of garnet-group minerals
　45.2. Magmatic garnet deposits
　45.3. Structure-bound garnet deposits
　45.4. Sedimentary garnet deposits
　45.5. Metamorphic garnet deposits
　45.6. Garnet supply and use
46. Epidote-group minerals
　46.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of epidote-group minerals
　46.2. Magmatic epidote-group mineral deposits
　46.3. Metamorphic epidote-group deposits
　46.4. Epidote-group minerals supply and use
47. Sillimanite-group minerals
　47.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of sillimanite group minerals
　47.2. Magmatic deposits of sillimanite-group minerals
　47.3. Structure-bound deposits of sillimanite-group minerals and staurolite
　47.4. Sedimentary deposits of sillimanite-group minerals and staurolite
　47.5. Metamorphic sillimanite-group deposits
　47.6. Sillimanite-group minerals and staurolite supply and use
48. Corundum and spinel
　48.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of corundum and spinel minerals
　48.2. Magmatic deposits of corundum and spinel minerals　
　48.3. Sedimentary deposits of corundum and spinel minerals
　48.4. Metamorphic deposits of corundum and spinel minerals
　48.5. Corundum and spinel supply and use
49. Diamond
　49.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of diamond
　49.2. Magmatic deposits of diamonds
　49.3. Sedimentary deposits of diamonds
　49.4. Metamorphic deposits of diamonds
　49.5. Diamond supply and use
50. Graphite
　50.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of graphite
　50.2. Magmatic deposits of graphite
　50.3. Structure-bound graphite deposits
　50.4. Sedimentary graphite deposits
　50.5. Metamorphic graphite deposits
　50.6. Graphite supply and use
51. Clay minerals
　51.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of clay minerals
　51.2. Magmatic deposits of clay minerals
　　51.2.1. Serpentine-kaolin
　　　51.2.1.1. Serpentines
　　　51.2.1.2. Kaolinite-group minerals and natural Si-Al complexes
　　51.2.2. Talc-pyrophyllite
　　　51.2.2.1. Talc
　　　51.2.2.2. Pyrophyllite
　　51.2.3. Smectite
　　51.2.4. Vermiculite
　　51.2.5. Mica
　　51.2.6. Chlorite
　　51.2.7. Sepiolite-palygorskite (hormites)
　51.3. Sedimentary deposits of clay minerals
　　51.3.1. Serpentine-kaolin
　　　51.3.1.1. Serpentines
　　　51.3.1.2. Kaolin-group minerals and natural Si-Al complexes
　　51.3.2. Talc-pyrophyllite
　　51.3.3. Smectite
　　51.3.4. Vermiculite
　　51.3.5. Mica
　　51.3.6. Sepiolite-palygorskite (hormites)
　51.4. Metamorphic deposits of clay minerals
　　51.4.1. Mica-)(chlorite)
　　51.4.2. Prehnite
　　51.4.3. Talc
　　51.4.4. Pyrophyllite
　51.5. Clay minerals and phyllosilicate supply and use
52. Biological materials (“biominerals”)
　52.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of biological materials
　52.2. Ket and amber fdeposits
　52.3. Supply and use of biological materials
53. Discussion
　53.1. The columns; geodynamic setting and environment of deposition
　　53.1.1. The ultrabasic magmatic clan
　　53.1.2. The basic magmatic clan
　　53.1.3. The intermediate and felsic magmatic clan
　　53.1.4. The alkaline magmatic clan and carbonatites with pegmatitic plus aplitic derivative products
　　53.1.5. One-dimensional structures - pipes
　　53.1.6. Two-dimensional structures - veins
　　53.1.7. Duricrusts-regolith-vein like deposits
　　53.1.8. Coarse-grained clastic rocks
　　53.1.9. Fine-grained clastic rocks and massive rocks
　　53.1.10. Limestones
　　53.1.11. Evaporites
　　53.1.12. Special sedimentary rocks and carbon-bearing hosts
　53.2. Metamorphogenetic mineral deposits
　53.3. The spreadsheet correlation - bringing together the columns and the lines
　53.4. Sequence stratigraphy of epigenetic and diagenetic mineral deposits in Central Europe
54. Conclusions - the importance of raw materials
Acknowledgements
References

Fig. 54.01. The “Commodity Snake” to illustrate the global production (in metric tonnes) of major mineral ra materials in 1983 (Lorenz, 1991). Dill(2010)による『The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits: Mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium』から