Introduction
Experimental set up
Results
Mass control
X-ray diffraction analysis
Elutes
Exposure in SO2 contaminated atmosphere
Exposure in a NO2 and O3
contaminated atmosphere
Exposure in SO2-NOx-O3 contaminated atmosphere
Sulphate
Nitrate
Discussion
Comparison of the data of the NO2-O3 and SO2-NO2-O3-systems
Some observations with respect to the NO2
component
Prognosis of deposition
『Conclusion
The present study has shown that the method to expose carbonate
materials in atmospheres o realistic concentration contents of
SO2, NO2 and O3 leads to the formation of deposition products.
The results are qualitatively comparable with the findings of
other studies where gas concentration considerably above realistic
immission levels were used in order to accelerate the decay for
time saving reasons. Although our experiments require a time frame
of several weeks, the time saved in the other accelerated experiments
does not exceed one order of magnitude. The information about
the initial stages of material damages obtained in our study is
sufficient to be used for estimating the given immission situation
inclusive the possibly resulting pollution damages to expect for
materials.
A particular emphasis in this work has been given to the thread
emanating from NO2 pollution together with
O3 and SO2. The data
show that this component has to be rated a considerable damage
factor, hardly to encounter as a solid mineral phase but amply
present as solution on/in the sample material. Materials of chemical
sensitivity and of porous structure are particularly affected.
This seems specifically the case in the field of historic monuments,
in particular for stone objects. However, the data also line out
a given NO2 immission situation which may
be related to traffic exhaust.
(以下略)』
References