Borges,J. and Huh,Y.(2007): Petrography and chemistry of the bed sediments of the Red River in China and Vietnam: Provenance and chemical weathering. Sedimentary Geology, 194, 155-168.

『中国とベトナムの紅河の河床堆積物の岩石組成と化学組成:起源と化学風化』


Abstract
 The Red (Hong) River straddles southwestern China and northern Vietnam and drains the eastern Indo-Asian collision zone. We collected bed sediments from its tributaries and main channel and report the petrographic point counts of framework grains and major oxide compositions as well as organic and inorganic carbon contents. The Q:F:Rf ratios and Q:F:(L-Lc) ratios of the bedload indicate quartz-poor, mineralogically immature sediments of recycled orogen provenance. The weathering indices based on major oxides - the chemical index of alteration (CIA) and the weathering index of Parker - are also consistent with the recycled sedimentary nature of the bed sediments. Using geographic information system (GIS) we calculated for each sample basin such parameters as temperature, precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, runoff, basin length, area, relief, and areal exposure of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Statistically meaningful correlations are obtained between the two weathering indices, between CIA and sedimentary to metamorphic rock fragments ratio, S/(S+M), and between CIA and sedimentary rock cover, but otherwise correlations are poor. The bed sediments preserve signatures of their provenance, but the effect of weathering is not clearly seen. Subtle differences in the bed sediments are observed between the Red and the Himalayan rivers (Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra) as well as between sub-basins within the Red River system and are attributed mainly to differences in lithology.

Keywords: Tibet; Da; Lo; Climate; GIS; Chemical index of alteration』

1. Introduction
2. Geological and hydrographical setting
3. Materials and methods
4. Results
 4.1. Petrography
 4.2. Major oxides
 4.3. Organic and inorganic carbon
 4.4. Weathering indices
 4.5. Relationship to climate, geomorphology, and lithology
5. Discussion
 5.1. Seasonal, downstream, and interbasin variations
 5.2. Comparison to the Himalayan rivers
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References


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