『Abstract
Trace metal adsorption to suspended particulate matter (SPM)
influences bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals in natural
waters. For highly contaminated urban catchments in the greater
Auckland (New Zealand) area, trace metal adsorption to SPM was
assessed and compared to similar data from non-urban catchments
in the Auckland region, to determine whether there was any difference
in the ability of the SPM to adsorb Cu, Pb and Zn. The degree
of trace metal adsorption onto the SPM was assessed by way of
adsorption edge experiments. It was found that the ability of
the Auckland urban SPM to adsorb trace metals decreased in the
order Pb>Cu>Zn. Little difference in adsorption was observed between
the non-urban Waikato and Kaipara River SPM and urban SPM, or
between urban SPM from different flow regimes and seasons, despite
some compositional differences in the SPM. This suggests that
on the basis of a single surface-binding site, metal adsorption
onto SPM could be readily predicted across a range of urban and
non-urban catchments in the Auckland region. Adsorption edges
were modelled with a diffuse layer, surface complexation model
to assess the role of Fe-oxide in adsorption. The MINTEQA2 model
was used, assuming Fe-oxide (as HFO) was the only adsorbing surface.
There was generally good agreement between observed and modelled
adsorption for Pb, indicating the importance of Fe-oxide surfaces
for Pb adsorption. However, the model did not predict Zn or Cu
adsorption as well. The TOC content of the SPM, and presence of
dissolved ligands and organic matter in the water column, appeared
to play an important role in Cu adsorption to the SPM. For Zn,
the presence of adsorbing surfaces other than HFO appeared to
influence adsorption.』
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Urban site description
2.2. SPM collection and characterisation
2.3. Trace metal adsorption experiments
2.4. Non-urban site description and SPM collection
2.5. Adsorption modelling using MINTEQA2
3. Results
3.1. Urban SPM adsorption edges
3.2. Comparison of urban and non-urban adsorption edges
3.3. Modelling metal adsorption edges using MINTEQA2
3.4. Modelling in situ metal adsorption using MINTEQA2
4. Discussion
4.1. Flow effects on trace metal adsorption
4.2. Seasonal effects on trace metal adsorption
4.3. Catchment use effects on trace metal adsorption
4.4. Assessing the role of Fe-oxide in trace metal adsorption
to SPM
4.4.1. Lead adsorption to SPM
4.4.2. Copper adsorption to SPM
4.4.3. Zinc adsorption to SPM
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References