『Abstract
A reassessment of available information from the Russian Hydrological
Survey on long-term seasonal measurements of water, suspended
matter and dissolved major element discharges in 〜30 small and
large watersheds draining acid silicate rocks (granites, gneisses,
quartzite, shales) of the Aldan Shield and Baikal Uplift was combined
with new data on river water chemistry for three granitic watersheds
in order to calculate the fluxes of elements due to chemical weathering.
In accord with data on world rivers, a positive correlation between
chemical erosion rate and runoff is observed. The majority of
cations are removed during summer monsoon. The spring flood yields
10-20% of the annual flux and the winter season accounts for only
5-15%. The mean multi-annual flux of total dissolved solid which
is largely dominated by Ca (60-80%) on the Siberian Craton is
comparable with that of temperate zones but higher than that of
the Canadian Shield for similar runoff values, rock composition
and annual temperatures. Important element recycling due to litter
degradation and weathering acceleration via organic ligands produced
by abundant vegetation over permafrost soils is invoked to explain
these results.
Keywords: Aldan; Baikal; Granites; Weathering; Chemical composition;
River water 』
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Lithology and permafrost
2.2. Vegetation and soils
2.3. Climate and hydrology
2.4. Sampling and analysis
2.5. Sources of information and estimation methods
3. Results
3.1. Dissolved fluxes of elements
3.2. Suspended matter fluxes
3.3. Underground input
3.4. Role of lithology
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Appendix A
References