『Abstract
Factors controlling chemical weathering in granitic environments
are deduced using an extensive database from the literature. Based
on a transition state theory model, we evaluated the effects on
chemical weathering of runoff, temperature and pH. The dependence
between temperature and runoff, and chemical weathering is complicated
by other factors such as the presence/depth of soil cover. Soil
cover favors chemical weathering when it is thin and rich in weatherable
minerals. In contrast, it reduces chemical weathering when is
thick and poor in primary minerals. Processes that increase the
contact time and the surface of the water-rock interaction such
as physical denudation, increase chemical weathering rates in
granitic environments. The effect of temperature can be quantified
assuming an apparent activation energy value of 48.7 kJ/mol to
describe chemical weathering of silica in granitic crystalline
environment under high runoff conditions.
Keywords: Chemical weathering; Small watersheds; Granitic environment』
『花崗岩環境での化学風化をコントロールしている要因は、文献からの広範囲のデータベースを用いて推定される。遷移状態理論モデルに基づき、我々は、流出量、温度、およびpHの化学風化への影響を評価した。温度および流出量、と化学風化の間の依存関係は、土壌被覆の存在/深さのような他の要因により複雑となる。土壌被覆は、薄い場合や風化しやすい鉱物に富む場合には化学風化に有利に働く。対照的に、厚かったり、一次鉱物に欠けると化学風化を弱める。物理削剥のような、水−岩石相互作用の接触時間と表面積をを増加させる過程は、花崗岩環境での化学風化速度を上昇させる。温度の影響は、流出量の大きい条件下で花崗岩質結晶岩環境でのシリカの化学風化を説明するために、48.7 kJ/モルという見かけの活性化エネルギー値を仮定して定量化できる。』
1. Introduction
1.1. Large fluvial basin studies
1.2. Small watershed studies
2. The small watershed database
2.1. Sources of data
2.2. Parameters controlling chemical weathering rates
2.3. Calculations of chemical weathering fluxes
2.4. Precipitation chemistry and fluxes
2.5. Stream water chemistry and fluxes
2.6. Sea salt corrections
2.7. Chemical weathering fluxes
3. Chemical weathering laws in granitic environments
3.1. Lithology
3.2. Temperature
3.3. Runoff
3.4. Other parameters
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Appendix A General characteristics of the selected watershed
underlain by crystalline granitic formations.
Appendix B Major element concentration values in precipitation
and surface waters for the selected watersheds expressed in μmol/l
References