Abstract
『The carbon sink capacity of the world's agricultural and
degraded soils is 50 to 66% of the historic carbon loss of 42
to 78% gigatons of carbon. The rate of soil organic carbon sequestration
with adoption of recommended technologies depends on soil texture
and structure, rainfall, temperature, farming system, and soil
management. Strategies to increase the soil carbon pool include
soil restoration and woodland regeneration, no-till farming, cover
crops, nutrient management, manuring and sludge application, improved
grazing, water conservation and harvesting, efficient irrigation,
agroforestry practices, and growing energy crops on spare lands.
An increase of 1 ton of soil carbon pool of degraded cropland
soils may increase crop yield by 20 to 40 kilograms per hectare
(kg/ha) for wheat, 10 to 20 kg/ha for maize, and 0.5 to 1 kg/ha
for cowpeas. As well as enhancing food security, carbon sequestration
has the potential to offset fossil-fuel emissions by 0.4 to 1.2
gigatons of carbon per year, or 5 to 15% of the global fossil-fuel
emissions.』
Soil carbon sequestration
Soil carbon sequestration for mitigating climate change
Soil carbon sequestration and global food security
Conclusions
References and Notes
Supporting Online Material
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/304/5677/1623/DC1