Reed-Andersen,T., Carpenter,S.R. and Lathrop,R.C.(2000): Phosphorus flow in a watershed-lake ecosystem. Ecosystems, 3, 561-573.

『流域−湖生態系におけるリンの流れ』


Abstract
 Cultural eutrophication of lakes caused by excess phosphorus (P) loading from agricultural areas is a persistent and serious environmental problem. We quantified P flows in a watershed-lake ecosystem using a simple mathematical model that coupled in-lake and upland processes to assess and compare the long-term impacts of various management strategies. Our model compares abatement by in-lake strategies (such as increasing the flux of P from algae to consumers and alum application) with riparian management to decrease P flow and with balancing P budgets at the watershed scale. All of these strategies are effective to some extent. However, only reducing the amount of fertilizer P imported to the watershed will decrease the total P in the system at steady state. Soil P - a large reservoir with slow turnover rate - governs long-term flux to the lake and must be decreased in size to maintain long-term control of eutrophication.

Keywords: eutrophication; restoration; ecosystem model; phosphorus; lake management; non-point source pollution.』

Introduction
Methods
 Model structure
 Parameter estimation
 Parameter estimates
  Standing stock P
  Inputs
  Outputs
  Flows
 Scenarios
  Increasing the flux to consumers
  Alum treatment
  Riparian zone manipulation
  Fertilizer imports
Results
 P movement within the Lake Mendota watershed
 Model sensitivity
  Inputs and exports
  Internal flows
 Scenarios
  No management change
  Increased flux to consumers
  Alum treatment
  Riparian zones
  Fertilizer import
Discussion
Acknowledgments
References


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