Pettersson,K., Bostrom(後のoの頭に¨),B. and Jacobsen,O.-S.(1988): Phosphorus in sediments - speciation and analysis. Hydrobiologia, 170, 91-101.

『堆積物中のリン−化学種の決定と分析』


Abstract
 Characterization of sediment phosphorus is commonly based on sequential chemical extractions, in which phosphorus is supposed to be selectively removed from different compounds in the sediments. The first extraction schemes were designed to quantify discrete chemical or mineralogical compounds. As extraction schemes have been tested on different sediments, several systematic errors have been detected and the schemes have been modified and simplified accordingly. Other chemical extractions or treatments have attempted to determine phosphorus bound to particles with a certain strength or binding energy, the purpose being to determine the labile, loosely bound, exchangeable, mobile or algal-available fraction of sediment phosphorus. All extraction procedures yield operationally defined fractions and cannot be used for identification of discrete phosphorus compounds. The many methodological modifications make it necessary to be cautious when comparing results from the literature in this field.

Key words: phosphorus; sediments; fractionation; forms』

Introduction
Fractionation of phosphorus
 Sequential extraction schemes
 Other chemical methods
Fractional composition
Functional phosphorus pools
Analytical identification of phosphorus minerals
Conclusions
References

表1.堆積物リンの画分の組成を決定するための抽出法
  抽出 提示された画分 欠点
1.Chang & Jackson(1957) a. NH4Cl 1 mol/l
b. NH4F 0.5 mol/l pH 8.2
c. NaOH 0.1 mol/l
d. HCl 0.5 mol/l
e. CDB
f. NaOH
不安定なリン(labile P)
アルミニウム結合リン(Al-bound P
鉄結合リン(Fe-bound P)
カルシウム結合リン(Ca-bound P)
還元剤で可溶なリン(reductant-soluble P)
安定なリン(refractory P)

CaF2によるNH4F再吸収によるFe-Pの抽出
鉄とリン酸塩の沈殿

2.Williams et al.(1971) a. NaOH/NaCl 0.1/1.0 mol/l
b. CDB 85℃
c. HCl 0.5 mol/l
非吸蔵の鉄とアルミニウムリン(non-occluded Fe-, Al-P)
還元剤で可溶なリン(reductant-soluble P)
燐灰石リン(apatite P)
石灰質堆積物中の炭酸塩による再吸収
CDBにより放出されたCa-P
3.Williams et al.(1976) a. CDB 0.22/1.0 g/0.1 M
b. NaOH 1 mol/l
c. HCl 0.5 mol/l
非燐灰石リン(non-apatite P)

燐灰石リン(apatite P)
石灰質堆積物中の炭酸塩による再吸収
CDBにより放出されたCa-PとOrg-P
4.Hieltjes & Lijklema(1980) a. NH4Cl 1 mol/l pH 7
b. NaOH 0.1 mol/l
c. HCl 0.5 mol/l
不安定なリン(labile P)
鉄とアルミニウム結合リン(Fe- and Al-bound P)
カルシウム結合リン(Ca-bound P)
NH4Clによる少量のFe-PとAl-Pの溶解
5.Psenner et al.(1985) a. H2O
b. DB 0.11 mol/l 40℃
c. NaOH 1 mol/l
d. HCl 0.5 mol/l
e. NaOH 1 mol/l 85℃
水可溶リン(water-soluble P)
還元剤で可溶なリン(reductant-soluble P)
鉄とアルミニウム結合リン(Fe- and Al-bound P)
カルシウム結合リン(Ca-bound P)
安定なリン(refractory P)
石灰質堆積物中の炭酸塩による再吸収


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