Worsfold,P.J., Gimbert,L.J., Mankasingh,U., Omaka,O.N., Hanrahan,G., Gardolinski,P.C.F.C., Haygarth,P.M., Turner,B.L., Keith-Roach,M.J. and McKelvie,I.D.(2005): Sampling, sample treatment and quality assurance issues for the determination of phosphorus species in natural waters and soils. Talanta, 66, 273-293.

『天然水と土壌のリン化学種の決定に対する試料採取と前処理と質の保証の問題』


Abstract
 Phosphorus is an important macronutrient and the accurate determination of phosphorus species in environmental matrices such as natural waters and soils is essential for understanding the biogeochemical cycling of the element, studying its role in ecosystem health and monitoring compliance with legislation. This paper provides a critical review of sample collection, storage and treatment procedures for the determination of phosphorus species in environmental matrices. Issues such as phosphorus speciation, the molybdenum blue method, digestion procedures for organic phosphorus species, choice of model compounds for analytical studies, quality assurance and the availability of environmental CRMs for phosphate are also discussed in detail.

Keywords: Phosphorus; Natural waters; Soils; Sampling; Sample treatment; Sample digestion; Quality assurance』

1. Introduction
2. Natural waters
 2.1. Sampling protocol
 2.2. Sample preservation and storage
3. Soils
4. Digestion techniques
 4.1. Autoclaving
  4.1.1. Alkaline peroxydisulfate
  4.1.2. Acid peroxydisulfate
 4.2. Model compounds
 4.3. Recovery studies using alkaline and acidic peroxydisulfate autoclaving
 4.4. Enzymatic degradation
5. Quality assurance and quality control
 5.1. Certified reference materials
 5.2. Intercomparison exercises
 5.3. Databases
6. Conclusions
References

図1.分析操作上で定義された水中のリン画分(Robards et al.,1994を改図)〔※ここでは、元図を表形式に改作〕
Sample(TP With Filtration
(0.2 or 0.45 μM Membrane Filter)
Particulate Matter POP(TOP-DOP)
PAHP(TAHP-DAHP)
PRP(TRP-DRP)
TPP(TP−TDP)
Filtrate TDP/DOP=TDP-(DRP+DAHP)(Digestion, Spectrophotometry)
DRP+DAHP(Acid Hydrolysis, Spectrophotometry)
DRP(FRP,MRP,SRP)(Spectrophotometry)
Without Filtration TP/TOP=TP-(TRP+TAHP)(Digestion, Spectrophotometry)
TRP+TAHP(Acid Hydrolysis, Spectrophotometry)
TRP(Spectrophotometry)
DAHP Dissolved acid hydrolysable phosphorus(溶存の酸で加水分解しやすいリン)
DOP Dissolved organic phosphorus(溶存の有機リン)
DRP Dissolved reactive phosphorus(溶存の反応性リン)
FRP Filterable reactive phosphorus(ろ過できる反応性リン)
MRP Molybdate reactive phosphorus(モリブデン酸の反応性リン)
PAHP Particulate acid hydrolysable phosphorus(粒子状の酸で加水分解しやすいリン)
POP Particulate organic phosphorus(粒子状の有機リン)
PRP Particulate reactive phosphorus(粒子状の反応性リン)
SRP Soluble reactive phosphorus(可溶の反応性リン)
TAHP Total acid hydrolysable phosphorus(酸で加水分解しやすいリンの合計)
TDP Total dissolved phosphorus(溶存リンの合計)
TOP Total organic phosphorus(有機リンの合計)
TP Total phosphorus(リンの合計)
TPP Total particulate phosphorus(粒子状リンの合計)
TRP Total reactove phosphorus(反応性リンの合計)


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