『Abstract
In the context of reduction of agricultural non-point source
pollution, an associated crop system often presents several advantages.
The difficulty resides in the characterisation of each species'
contribution (dominant and dominated). This paper deals with the
particular case of voluntary grass cover management between rows
in vine plot. We evaluate the spatial and temporal changes in
the development of both crops: vine/grass cover system, in their
ecological functioning and in the influences on water and nitrogen
balances. We modify the SWMS_3D model to incorporate separate
distribution of water and nitrogen demands for the two coexisting
plant species. The parameterized model is then assessed using
the measured data (water content, matrix potential and nitrogen
content of the soil solution at depths of 30, 60, 90 and 120 cm)
acquired from two monitored vine plots (vine “Tickay-Pinot Gris”
plot grass covered every second row compared to a control plot
that was chemically weeded vine “Riesling” plot, France, Alsace,
Rouffach) between October 1998 and September 2000. The main results
are the following. The vine's mean total transpiration over the
two growing seasons of 1998/1999 and 1999/2000 is simulated of
355±0 mm per season. The matrix potential is reproduced accurately
especially improving with depth and under the interrow. Despite
a high variability due to soil heterogeneity, the nitrogen mass
variations between measurements and simulations with the adapted
model are coherent. Nevertheless we note that the model slightly
underestimates the nitrogen mass for both types of observed cropping
patterns, however the ratio between the two itineraries remains
similar, yielding a reduction in nitrogen loss by at least 4-fold
in favour of grass cover every second row plot during the period
observed from 10/01/1998 to 09/30/2000.
Keywords: Associated species; Vine; Grass cover; Deterministic
modelling; Nitrate leaching』
0. Introduction
1. Materials and methods
1.1. Experimental site
1.2. The SWMS_3D model
1.2.1. Model description
1.2.2. The model's adaptation to the vine/grass cover intercropping
in agriculture
1.3. Input data
1.3.1. Soil analysis
1.3.2. Simulated domain discretisation
1.3.3. Initial and boundary conditions
2. Results
2.1. Model validation
2.1.1. Potential water uptakes
2.1.2. Matric potential
2.1.3. Variations in nitrate storage and nitrate uptake
2.2. Mass balance
2.3. Transport dynamics between plots
2.4. Impact on nitrate transfer
3. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References