『Abstract
Although sediments of the German Wadden Sea are suspected to
eliminate a considerable share of nitrate delivered to the SE
North Sea, their denitrification rates have not been systematically
assessed. We determined N2 production rates
over seasonal cycles (February 2009 - April 2010) at two locations
with two sediments types each, the first site (Meldorf Bight)
receiving nitrate during all seasons from the Elbe river plume,
and a second site on the island of Sylt, where nitrate is depleted
during summer months. In sediments from the Sylt site, N2 production ranged from 15 to 32μmol N2
m-2 h-1 in the fine sand station and from
7 to 13μmol N2 m-2 h-1
in the coarse sand station; N2 production
was not detected when nitrate was depleted in May and July of
2009. N2 production in the Meldorf Bight
sediments were consistently detected at higher rates (58-139μmol
N2 m-2 h-1 in the very
fine sand station and between 14 and 30μmol N2
m-2 h-1 in the medium sand station). Analysis
of ancillary parameters suggests that major factors controlling
N2 production in coastal sediments of the
German Wadden Sea are the nitrate concentrations in the overlying
water, the ambient temperature, and the organic matter content
of the sediment. Extrapolating our spot measurements to the zone
of nitrate availability and sediment types, we estimate an annual
nitrogen removal rate around 16 kt N year-1 for the
entire northern sector of the German Wadden Sea area. This corresponds
to 14% of the annual Elbe river nitrogen load.
Keywords: Denitrification; Nitrogen; Sediments; Wadden Sea; German
Bight; Incubation』
Introduction
Materials and methods
Study site
Sampling
Sediment core incubation
Core incubations with site water (unamended cores)
Core incubation with site water enriched with 15NO3-
(amended cores)
Laboratory analyses and rate determinations
Determination of actual net N2 and O2 fluxes
Calculation of N2 production rates from
amended cores according to IPT
Nutrient concentrations
Sediment characteristics
Results
Sediment characteristics at the different sites
Seasonal variation of the site parameters
Nutrient fluxes
N2 and O2 fluxes
Discussion
Insights into N-cycling from nutrient fluxes and denitrification
rates obtained by IPT
Nitrate and temperature effects on N2 production
rates in Busum(最初のuの頭に¨) and Sylt sediments
Influence of sedimentary TOC content
An estimate of annual nitrogen removal in the northern German
Wadden Sea
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References