『Abstract
Hydrochemical and multivariate statistical interpretations of
16 physicochemical parameters of 45 groundwater samples from a
riverside alluvial aquifer underneath an agricultural area in
Osong, central Korea, were performed in this study to understand
the spatial controls of nitrate concentrations in terms of biogeochemical
processes occurring near oxbow lakes within a fluvial plain. Nitrate
concentrations in groundwater showed a large variability from
0.1 to 190.6 mg/L (mean = 35.0 mg/L) with significantly lower
values near oxbow lakes. The evaluation of hydrochemical data
indicated that the groundwater chemistry (especially, degree of
nitrate contamination) is mainly controlled by two competing processes:
1) agricultural contamination and 2) redox processes. In addition,
results of factorial kriging, consisting of two steps (i.e., co-regionalization
and factor analysis), reliably showed a spatial control of the
concentrations of nitrate and other redox-sensitive species; in
particular, significant denitrification was observed restrictedly
near oxbow lakes. The results of this study indicate that sub-oxic
conditions in an alluvial groundwater system are developed geologically
and geochemically in and near oxbow lakes, which can effectively
enhance the natural attenuation of nitrate before the groundwater
discharges to nearby streams. This study also demonstrates the
usefulness of multivariate statistical analysis in groundwater
study as a supplementary tool for interpretation of complex hydrochemical
data sets.
Keywords: Spatial variation of nitrate; Shallow alluvial aquifer;
Hydrochemistry; Factorial kriging; Redox control of agricultural
contaminants; Oxbow lake』
1. Introduction
2. Study area
2.1. General descriptions
2.2. Hydrogeology
3. Materials and methods
3.1. Sample collection and chemical analysis
3.2. Multivariate statistical analysis using factorial kriging
3.2.1. Pre-process of data (data transformation and standardization)
3.2.2. Co-regionalization and factor analysis
4. Results
4.1. Hydrochemical study
4.1.1. Hydrochemical processes affecting groundwater chemistry
4.1.2. Spatial change of groundwater chemistry
4.2. Factorial kriging analysis
5. Conclusion and suggestions
Acknowledgements
References