Tsushima,K., Ueda,S., Ohno,H., Ogura,N.,
Katase,T. and Watanabe,K.(2006): Nitrate decrease with isotopic
fractionation in riverside sediment column during infiltration
experiment. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 174,
47-61.
『河岸堆積物柱状試料での浸透実験における同位体分別に伴う硝酸塩減少』
『Abstract
This study determined isotopic fractionation of nitrate-nitrogen
during denitrification in riparian aquifer sediments by sequential-column
experiments at two different water flow rates. The purpose was
to discuss the relationships of nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor
of denitrification, denitrification rate, and infiltrating condition
in sediment. Sandy sediment and ground water were collected from
floodplain in the middle reach of the Tama River where nitrogen
isotopic enrichment factor for denitrification had been measured
in a result of previous field observation. The denitrification
rates and the isotopic enrichment factors of nitrate-nitrogen
were estimated at 2.1 mgN dry-kg-1 day-1
and -32.9‰ during the low water flow condition, and at 3.5 mgN
dry-kg-1 day-1 and -34.1‰ during the high
water flow condition. The calculated water flow rates of the present
column experiments were 300-400 times higher than that of the
field observation. Because of the fast flow rate, nitrate was
expected to continuously pass through active denitrifying sites
in the small pore spaces of sediment, and nitrate supply to denitrifers
by infiltration flow transport greatly exceeded the supply by
diffusion. The observed denitrification rates was proportional
to Peclet number as the ratio of solute nitrate transport to the
diffusion, and apparent nitrogen isotopic enrichment factors during
denitrification of our column experiments were lower than those
obtained from the field observation. This study showed that denitrification
rate and apparent nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor of denitrification
in sediment depended on Peclet number.
Keywords: column experiment; denitrification; isotopic enrichment
factor; nitrate; nitrogen stable isotope ratio』
1. Introduction
2. Material and methods
2.1. Equipment for infiltration experiment
2.2. Sample collection
2.3. Running condition of the experiment
2.4. Chemical analysis
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Experimental condition
3.2. Ion concentrations
3.3. Denitrification rate
3.4. Isotopic fractionation
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
- Bottcher,J., Strebel,O., Voerkelius,S. and Schmidt,H.L.(1990):
Using isotope fractionation of nitrate-nitrogen and nitrate-oxygen
for evaluation of microbial denitrification in a sandy aquifer.
J. Hydrol., 114, 413-424.
- Fustec,E., Mariotti,A., Grillo,X. and Sajus,J.(1991): Nitrate
removal by denitrification in alluvial ground water: Role of
a former channel. J. Hydrol., 123, 337-354.
- Goretski,J. and Hollocher,T.C.(1990): The kinetic and
isotopic competence of nitric oxide as an intermediate in denitrification.
J. Biol. Chem., 265, 889-895.
- Heaton,T.H.E., Talma,A.S. and Vogel,J.C.(1983): Origin
and history of nitrate in confined groundwater in the western
Kalahari. J. Hydrol., 62, 243-262.
- Kawanishi,T., Kihou,N., Ozaki,Y. and Yoneyama,T.(1991): Measurement
of denitrification fraction factor by using column apparatus.
Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 62, 424-426.
- Knowles,R.(1982): Denitrification. In: Paul,E.A. and
Ladd,J.(eds.), Soil Biochemistry, vol. 5, Marcel
Dekker,New York, 323-369.
- Koba,K., Tokuchi,T., Wada,E., Nakajima,T. and Iwatsubo,G.(1997):
Intermittent denitrification: The application of a 15N
natural abundance method to a forested ecosystem. Geochim.
Csmocgim. Acta, 61, 5043-5050.
- Koike,I. and Sorensen(oには/が付く),J.(1988):
Nitrate reduction and denitrification in marine sediments.
In: Bkackburn,T.H. and Sorensen(oには/が付く),J.(eds.),
Nitrogen Cycling in Coastal Marine Environments, SCOPE
33, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 251-274.
- Konohira,E., Yoh,M., Yagi,K. and Kubota,J.(1997): Denitrification
in the valley soil of a forested catchment - Analysis by the
natural abundance of 15N of nature -. J. Jpn.
For. Soc., 79, 83-88.
- Mariotti,A., Landreau,A. and Simon,B.(1988): 15N
isotope biogeochemistry and natural denitrification process in
groundwater: Application to the chalk aquifer of northern France.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 52, 1869-1878.
- Seitzinger,S.P.(1988): Denitrification in freshwater and
coastal marine ecosystems: Ecological and geochemical significance.
Limnol. Oceanogr., 33, 702-724.
- Tiedje,J.M.(1988): Ecology of denitrification and dissimilatory
nitrate reduction to ammonium. In: Zehner,A.J.B.(ed.), Biology
of Anaerobic Microorganisms, John Wiley and Sons, New York,
179-244.
- Vogel,J.C., Talma,A.S. and Heaton,T.H.E.(1981): Gaseous
nitrogen as evidence for denitrification in groundwater.
J. Hydrol., 50, 191-200.
戻る