『Abstract
　Fire profoundly modifies the terrestrial C cycle of about 40％ of the Earth's land surface. The immediate effect of fire is that of a net loss of C as CO2 gas and soot particles to the atmosphere. Nevertheless, a proportion of the ecosystem biomass is converted into charcoal, which contains highly recalcitrant molecular structures that contribute to long-term C storage. The present study aimed to assess simultaneously losses to the atmosphere and charcoal production rates of C and N compounds as a result of prescription fire in a Florida scrub-oak ecosystem. Pre-fire and post-fire charred and unburned organic matter stocks were determined for vegetation leaves and stems, litter and soil in 20 sub-plots installed in a 30-ha area that was subjected to prescribed fire. Concentrations of C and N were determined, and fluxes among pools and to the atmosphere were derived from these measurements. Soil C and N stocks were unchanged by the fire. Post-fire standing dead biomass contained 30％ and 12％ of pre-fire vegetation C and N stocks, respectively. In litter, post-fire stocks contained 64％ and 83％ of pre-fire C and N stocks, respectively. Most of the difference in relative losses between vegetation and litter could be attributed to substantial litter fall of charred and unburned leaves during the fire event. Indeed, an estimated 21％ of pre-fire vegetation leaf C was found in the post-fire litter, while the remaining 79％ was lost to the atmosphere. About 3/4 of the fire-induced leaf litter fall was in the form of unburned tissue and the remainder was charcoal, which amounted to 5％ of pre-fire leaf C stocks. Charcoal production ranged between 4％ and 6％ of the fire-affected biomass, i.e. the sum of charcoal production and atmospheric losses. this value is below the range of literature values for the transformation of plant tissue into stable soil organic matter through humification processes, which suggests that fire generates a smaller quantity of stable organic C than humification processes over decades and potentially centuries.

Keywords: Carbon cycle; Charcoal; Fire; CO2 flux; Scrub oak』

Introduction
Materials and methods
　Study site and sampling
　Measurement of fire temperatures
　Measurements of C and N stocks
　Charcoal estimates
　Flux estimates to post-fire charred and unburned C pools
Results
　Pre-fire living biomass in scrub oak ecosystem
　Temperature measurements
　Fire-induced evolution of C and N stocks
　Charcoal production
　Fire-induced fluxes in scrub oak ecosystem
Discussion
　Fire-induced losses and fluxes
　Charcoal production
　Implication for century-scale C budget
Acknowledgements
References