『Abstract
Over the last decade several computational models, and several
types of model, have been developed to simulate the response of
river systems to environmental change over time scales of decades
to millennia: hydrological models, flood inundation models, channel
morphology models, channel network models, models of river meandering
and river braiding, alluvial stratigraphy models, and landscape
evolution models. Each type of model simulates different aspects
of a river's response to changes in environmental inputs such
as climate and land-use - and to changes in these inputs. And
each type of model has its abilities, advantages and limitations.
We provide an overview of the different types of model that have
been developed, and we evaluate their suitability for testing
hypothesis about past environmental conditions, as well as for
investigating the response of alluvial river systems to future
environmental change. Additionally, we discuss the general issues
and problems of computational modelling (e.g. scale and resolution,
data availability, process representation, process parameterization,
model calibration, non-linearity, and uncertainty), and the extent
to which these hamper the usefulness of the models as a tool in
environmental landscape studies. Finally, we identify trends in
computational modelling research to outline possible future directions
of the discipline.
Keywords: computational modelling; environmental modelling; river
systems; fluvial geomorphology; quaternary』
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Types of models
2.1. Hydrological models
2.2. Flood inundation models
2.3. Channel morphology models
2.4. Alluvial stratigraphy models
2.5. Meander evolution models
2.7. Channel network models
2.8. Landscape evolution models
2.9. Discussion and summary
3. Issues in modelling
3.1. Representation of space
3.2. Representation of time
3.3. Process representation
3.4. Data availability
3.5. Calibration and validation
3.6. Uncertainty
3.7. Non-linearity
3.8. Discussion and summary
4. Future prospects
Acknowledgements
References