『Abstract
　China is water shortage country. The paper analyzes the current situation and problems of water resources in both urban and rural areas. To solve the problems, the paper puts forward five countermeasures and draws up structure charts. It shows specific contents and mutual relationships of each countermeasure clearly, and provides the basis for sustainable development of urban and rural water resources. It can be used in engineering practice effectively.

Keywords: Urban water resources; Rural water resources; the current situation; Sustainable development; Measures』

1. Introduction
2. Water resources in China
　2.1. Urban water resources
　2.2. Rural water resources
3. Water problems in China
　3.1. Water shortage and serious groundwater consumption
　3.2. Frequent droughts and floods
　3.3. Water pollution, soil erosion and ecological deterioration
　3.4. Inefficient water using and water waste
4. The sustainable development and utilization of water resources
5. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References