『（Abstract）
　China has suffered frequent source water contamination accidents in the past decade, which has resulted in severe consequences to the water supply of millions of residents. The origins of typical cases of contamination are discussed in this paper as well as the emergency response to these accidents. In general, excessive pursuit of rapid industrialization and the unreasonable location of factories are responsible for the increasing frequency of accidental pollution events. Moreover, insufficient attention to environmental protection and rudimentary emergency response capability has exacerbated the consequences of such accidents. These environmental accidents triggered or accelerated the promulgation of stricter environmental protection policy and the shift from economic development mode to a more sustainable direction, which should be regarded as the turning point of environmental protection in China. To guarantee water security, China is trying to establish a rapid and effective emergency response framework, build up the capability of early accident detection, and develop efficient technologies to remove contaminants from water.』

Introduction
Process and origin analysis of selected accidents
　Nitrobenzene spill in the Songhua River in 2005
　Wuxi water crisis in 2007
　Origin analysis for the frequent occurrence of accidents
Shift of China environmental protection work after these accidents
Framework of emergency response
　Legislation and plan
　Organization of emergency drinking water supply
　Process of emergency response for drinking water supply
Emergency drinking water treatment technologies
Implications and suggestions
Acknowledgments
Supporting information available
Literature cited