『Abstract
China's rapid pace of nuclear energy growth is unique, and its
impact on the global nuclear market as both a customer and potential
future supplier is already tremendous and will continue to expand.
It is crucial to understand this energy policy development and
its impact on various global areas. Unfortunately, there is relatively
limited English-language information available about China's nuclear
power industry and its current development. This paper aims to
provide a comprehensive assessment of the Chinese nuclear energy
program and policy, reviewing its pat, present, likely future
developments, as well as to consider potential challenges that
deserve further attention. This paper will explore reasons that
have caused the existing industry, describe China's nuclear bureaucracy
and decision making process to understand how different stakeholders
play a role in China's nuclear energy development. This study
concludes that China's existing nuclear program and industry,
in combination with its current stable economic and political
environment, provides a sound foundation for the planned nuclear
expansion. However, challenges which are crucial to the success
of the nuclear expansion will need to be addressed.
Keywords: China; Nuclear power; Policy』
1. Introduction
2. The evolution of China's nuclear energy policies
2.1. Nuclear weapon era: 1955-1978
2.2. A slow transition: 1978-2005
2.3. A booming future: 2005 to present
3. China's civilian nuclear program: stakeholders and key issues
3.1. The Chinese nuclear bureaucracy
3.2. The nuclear troika
3.3. The decision-making process
3.4. The licensing process
3.5. Plant financing and subsidies
3.6. Nuclear liability
3.7. Domestic construction capabilities
3.8. Manufacturing capability
4. China's nuclear expansion plans and challenges
4.1. Future nuclear expansion
4.2. Current and potential challenges
4.2.1. Need to strengthen nuclear safety and security culture
4.2.2. Incomplete and weak nuclear regulatory systems
4.2.3. Inadequate nuclear workforce
4.2.4. Lagging public participation
4.2.5. Transparency in the policymaking process
4.2.6. Insufficient research and development capabilities
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References