『Abstract
Since reform and opening-up in 1978, the coal industry in China
has been developing rapidly. This article identified major factors
affecting the growth of China's coal industry, immediate targets,
economic policies, as well as structural reforms of the sector.
Authors have divided its developing process into three stages:
rapid growth of coal industry (1979-1992); close-down of small-scale
coal mines (SCMs) (1993-2001); resource consolidation (2002-present).
At the first stage, led by the ‘two-leg walking’ strategy, SCMs
grew significantly, which eased the pressure of energy shortage.
From the transition of planned economy to market economy, major
state-owned coal mines (MSCs), which were not consistently profitable,
would have to learn how to withstand severe competitions and survive.
As a result, the central government took several measures to try
to keep them alive. This situation was not changed until 2001.
Large-scaled coal mine groups were then established by the government
when China entered the WTO. MSCs were encouraged to merge with
others to form a certain scale, as a way to compete with giant
overseas. So a trial was firstly implemented in Shanxi province.
Keywords: Coal industry; Policy; China』
1. Introduction
2. Policy evolution and assessment of coal industry in China
2.1. Rapid development of coal industry (1979-1992)
2.1.1. General Contracting for MSCs
2.1.2. Incentives for LSC
2.1.3. Eight measures for the development of TVCs
2.1.4. Others
2.1.5. ASSESSMENT
2.2. Close-down of small-scale coal mine (1993-2001)
2.2.1. Handing out the operation right of MSC
2.2.2. Closing mines, depressing output
2.2.3. Supervision
2.2.4. Others
2.2.5. Assessment
2.3. Resources consolidation (2002-present)
2.3.1. Building large mine groups
2.3.2. Closing small-sized mines
2.3.3. Strengthening safety management
2.3.4. Coal mines consolidation in Shanxi
2.3.5. Assessment
3. Perspective and suggestions
References
/Image2023.gif) Fig. 3. Coal production by mine type (1979-2008). Source: ChinaCoal Industry Yearbook (1982-2009). Shen et al.(2012)による『China's
coal policy since 1979: A brief overview』から |