『Abstract
This article discusses an integrated framework built to compute
the cost of stover-based B85, as well as its life cycle energy
efficiency and CO2 emission, with consideration
of uncertainties of the policy-related factors, in China. Results
show that co-product treatment greatly influenced the performance
of E85 route. The calculated values of energy efficiency in co-product
burning for electricity scenario (the base scenario) and that
in co-product for selling scenario (the alternative scenario)
are 4.41 and 3.61, respectively. CO2 emission
of the stover-based route is 99.7% more than that of the gasoline
route in the base scenario and 55.3% less than that of the gasoline
in the alternative scenario. The costs of E85 in these two scenarios
are 9.78 and 7.76 yuan/L, respectively. Based on the sensitivity
and uncertainty analysis, the article suggests the following:
(1) stover-based E85 is currently not competitive in terms of
cost; (2) on the current stage, to make E85 competitive, policymakers
should be concerned about stimulating processing innovation, providing
subsidies on ethanol, feedstock and co-product, as well as raising
gasoline price, rather than increasing carbon tax rate/promoting
Cleaner Development Mechanism (CDM) projects or influencing consumers'
Willingness to Pay (WTP) for E85.
Keywords: Stover-based ethanol; CO2 emission;
Uncertainty analysis』
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Analytic framework
2.2. System boundary and description
2.2.1. Collection and transportation
2.2.2. Processing
2.2.3. Blending, transportation, and combustion
2.3. Cost calculation of ethanol and E85
3. Results and discussion
3.1. The base scenario and its alternative
3.2. Sensitivity analysis based on the alternative scenario
3.3. Uncertainty analysis of policy factors with the Monte Carlo
simulation
3.4. Discussion
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Appendix A. Detailed data sources and assumption
References