Bierlein,F.P., Groves,D.I. and Cawood,P.A.(2009): Metallogeny of accretionary orogens - The connection between lithospheric processes and metal endowment. Ore Geology Reviews, 36, 282-292.

『リソスフェアの過程と金属鉱化の間のつながり』


Abstract
 Accretionary orogens throughout apace and time represent extremely fertile settings for the formation and preservation of a wide variety of mineral deposit types. These range from those within active magmatic arcs, either in continental margin or intra-oceanic settings, to those that develop in a variety of arc-flanking environments, such as fore-arcs and back-arcs during deformation and exhumation of the continental margin. Deposit types also include those that form in more distal, far back-arc and foreland basin settings. The metallogenic signature and endowment of individual accretionary orogens are, at a fundamental level, controlled by the nature, composition and age of the sub-continental lithosphere, and a complex interplay between formational processes and preservational forces in an evolving Earth. Some deposit types, such as orogenic gold and volcanic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, have temporal patterns that mimic the major accretionary and crustal growth events in Earth history, whereas others, such as porphyry Cu-Au-Mo and epithermal Au-Ag deposits, have largely preservational patterns. The presence at c. 3.4 Ga of (rare) orogenic gold deposits, whose formation necessitates some from of subduction-accretion, provides strong evidence that accretionary processes operated then at the margins of continental nuclei, while the widespread distribution of orogenic gold and VMS deposits at c. 2.7-2.6 Ga reflects the global distribution of accretionary orogens by this time.

Keywords: Accretionary orogens; Mineral deposits; Metal endowment; Plate tectonics; Lithosphere』

1. Introduction
2. Mineral deposit types of accretionary margins
 2.1. Arc-related mineral deposits
 2.2. Back-arc related mineral deposits}
 2.3. Orogenic gold and base-metal deposits
 2.4. Mineral deposits in far back-arc settings or deformed accretionary margins
 2.5. Mineral deposits in foreland basins
3. Role of lithosphere in the generation of mineral deposits in accretionary orogens
 3.1. Thin lithosphere and orogenic gold deposits
 3.2. Thin lithosphere and VMS deposits
 3.3. Mineral deposits at lithospheric boundaries
4. Role of lithosphere in the preservation of mineral deposits in accretionary orogens
 4.1. Evolution of sub-continental lithospheric mantle
 4.2. Temporal patterns of mineral deposits in accretionary margin settings
 4.3. Selective preservation of mineral deposits in accretionary margin settings
5. Evidence from mineral deposits for the earliest onset of plate tectonics
6. Summary
Acknowledgements
References


ホーム