CONTENTS

CHAPTER
A. Introduction to Geoenvironmental Models of Mineral Deposits...1
　Introduction
　Definition of a Geoenvironmental Model
　Anatomy of a Geoenvironmental Model
　The State of the Art and Scope References Cited
B. Geochemical and Mineralogic Characterization of Solids and Their Effects on Waters in Metal-Mining Environments...8
　The Role of Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Solids in Geoenvironmental Models
　Acid-Base Accounting
　Kinetic Testing
　Leaching Procedures
　Geologic Materials that Contribute to Environmental Signatures
　Tools of the Trade
　Sampling Media, Methods, and Examples
　References Cited
C. Toolkit for the Rapid Screening and Characterization of Waste Piles on Abandoned Mine Lands...55
　Introduction
　Sampling and Geochemical Screening Tools
　Non-Invasive Screening Tools
　Site Characterization Tools
　Acknowledgments
　References Cited
D. Environmental Behavior of Two Molybdenum Porphyry Systems...65
　Introduction
　Background
　Geology
　Hydrology and Major-Element Geochemistry
　Metal Geochemistry
　Conclusions
　References Cited
E. Environmental geochemistry of platform carbonate-hosted sulfide deposits...87
　Introduction
　Platform Carbonate-Hosted Deposits
　Acknowledgments
　References Cited
F. A geoenvironmental lifecycle model: The Austinville platform carbonate deposit, Virginia...101
　Introduction
　Geology of the Deposit
　Ore Textures, Mineralogy and Paragenesis
　Soil and Sediment Signatures
　Drainage Signatures
　Climatic Effects
　Potential Environmental Concerns
　References Cited
G. A Geoenvironmental Mineral Deposit Model for the New World Polymetallic Replacement/Skarn Deposit...108
　Introduction
　Hydrogeochemical Overview of the New World Deposit
　Hydrology
　Geochemistry
　Styles of Mineralization in the New World Deposit
　Geoenvironmental Models in Mine Closure
　References Cited
H. Environmental Geochemistry of Skarn and Polymetallic Carbonate-Replacement Deposit Models....115
　Introduction
　Skarn and Polymetallic Carbonate-Replacement Deposit Models
　Acknowledgments
　References Cited
I. A Geoenvironmental Model for Polymetallic Vein Deposits: A Case Study in the Coeur d’Alene Mining District and Comparisons with Drainage from Mineralized Deposits in the Colorado Mineral Belt and Humboldt Basin, Nevada...143
　Abstract
　Introduction
　Study Area
　Data Sources
　Discussion
　Acknowledgments
　References Cited
J. Mercury Geoenvironmental Models...161
　Introduction
　Global Mercury Cycle and Environmental
　Mercury Production
　Mercury Deposit Types
　Mineralogic Characteristics
　Mining and Processing Methods
　Environmental Concerns Associates with Mineral Processing
　Mercury Mine Drainage Composition
　Climate
　References Cited
K. Geoenvironmental Model for Low-Sulfide Gold-Quartz Veins...176
　Deposit Geology
　Examples
　Related Deposit Types
　Deposit Size
　Host Rocks
　Surrounding Geologic Terrane
　Wall-Rock Alteration
　Nature of Ore
　Mining and Ore Processing Methods
　Trace Element Geochemistry
　Primary Mineralogy and Zonation
　Secondary Mineralogy
　Pre-Mining Soil and Sediment Signatures
　Topography and Physiography
　Hydrology
　Drainage Signatures
　Climatic Effects
　Potential Environmental Concerns
　References Cited
L. Geoenvironmental Models for Seafloor Massive Sulfide Deposits...196
　Introduction
　Classification of Massive Sulfide Deposits
　Geologic Characteristics
　Mining and Ore Processing Methods
　Environmental Geochemistry
　Potential Environmental Concerns
　Conclusions
　References Cited

APPENDIX: Definitions and References for Aqueous Geochemistry...213

Table 1. Selected mineral deposit types arranged by primary commodity and ore/host rock characteristics Figure 1. Ficklin plot of the sum of the base metals Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn versus pH illustrating the variation of mine drainage chemistry as a function of the geologic characteristics (type) of specific mineral deposits. Modified from Plumlee and Nash (1995), and Plumlee (1999). USGSによる『Progress on Geoenvironmental Models for Selected Mineral Deposit Types』から