『Abstract
Due to the dry Mediterranean climate in Cyprus, particulate matter
is resuspended from soils and other surfaces. From November 2002
to August 2003, gravimetric PM10 measurements
were carried out at three characteristic sites (traffic, residential
and rural). A significant seasonal trend with high winter concentrations
was observed at the traffic site. Special events, e.g. long-range
transport of Sahara dust storms, were recorded over traffic, residential
and rural areas in the order of six to eight events per year,
with a major frequency in summer and spring periods. This contributes
to the increase of 24-h EU limit value exceedances for PM10 at the three investigated sites. The origin
of the PM10 load was determined by enrichment
factors based on analyses of the local soil deposition at the
investigated sites. Furthermore, positive matrix factorisation
modelling was applied to find the sources of PM10.
Results indicate that the major emission sources affecting the
PM10 load were mineral soil, sea salt, road
dust, oil combustion, secondary pollutants and gasoline vehicles.
The natural contribution (local mineral soil and sea salt) at
the three sites was in the range of 7-9 μg m-3 in PM10. Besides the Sahara dust storms and natural
background concentrations, the vehicular pollution was found as
the largest contributor (12-14μg m-3) to PM10
load at the traffic site.
Keywords: Enrichment factor; Limit value; Local soil composition;
PM10; Positive matrix factorisation; Sahara
dust』
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Site description
2.2. Sampling procedure
2.3. Chemical analysis
2.4. Source identification method
3. Results and discussion
3.1. PM10 levels
3.2. Levels of PM10 components
3.3. Source identification analysis
3.3.1. Enrichment factor (EF)
3.3.2. Positive matrix factorisation
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References