『Abstract
　Definitions of fossil fuel reserves and resources and assessed rocks data are reviewed and clarified. Semantics explain a large stake of conflict between advocate and critical voices on peak oil. From a holistic sources-sinks perspective, limited carrying capacity of atmospheric sinks, not absolute scarcity in oil resources, will impose tight constraints on oil use. Eventually observed peaks in oil production in nearby years will result from politically imposed limits on carbon emissions, and not be caused by physical lack of oil resources. Peak-oil belief induces passive climate policy attitudes when suggesting carbon dioxide emissions will peak naturally linked to dwindling oil supplies. Active policies for reducing emissions and use of fossil fuels will also encompass higher energy end-use prices. Revenues obtained from higher levies on oil used can support financing energy efficiency and renewable energy options. But when oil producers charge the higher prices they can pump new oil for many decades, postponing peak oil to occur while extending carbon lock-in.

Keywords: Peak oil; Climate change policy; Carbon sources and sinks』

1. Introduction
2. Concepts and data of exhaustible resources
　2.1. Conventional and non-conventional oil resources, and their carbon load
　2.2. Taxonomy of reserves and resources
　2.3. Standard sequence of resource exploitation
　2.4. Uncertainty about capacities of single sources and of aggregates of sources
3. Peak oil
　3.1. King Hubbert's peak in 1956 and in 2008
　3.2. Today's peak oil vision: ASPO
　3.3. Critical and opposite visions on peak oil
　3.4. How different are the visions?
4. New constraints: the atmosphere and climate change
　4.1. Industrial metabolism: sinks and sources
　4.2. Extrapolating emissions
5. The role of higher oil prices
6. Conclusions
References

表１　化石燃料の2P埋蔵量と最大見積資源（BGRによる2007年末評価）

燃料 2007年12月31日現在	埋蔵量		資源
	EJ（1018J）	埋蔵量シェア	EJ（1018J）	埋蔵量シェア
在来型原油	6835	18.24	3430	0.69
オイルサンド／超重油	2720	7.26	2761	0.56
オイルシェール	42	0.11	7699	1.55
石油合計	9597	25.61	13,890	2.80
在来型天然ガス	6948	18.54	7857	1.58
非在来型ガス	76	0.20	58,335	11.75
天然ガス合計	7024	18.74	66,192	13.33
石炭合計	20,852	55.65	416,516	83.87
化石燃料合計	37,473	100	496,598	100
1P：proved（確認、確定：90％以上の確率） 2P：proved＋probable（推定：50-90％の確率） 3P：proved＋probable＋possible（予想：10％以下の確率）